@article{oai:kobe-c.repo.nii.ac.jp:00002198, author = {風呂本, 惇子 and FUROMOTO, Atsuko}, journal = {女性学評論, Women's studies forum}, month = {Mar}, note = {P(論文), The Hosken Report states that as of 1992 more than 110 million women and girls living in Africa and the Middle East have been genitally mutilated. Female genital mutilation varies in type from Sunna which means removal of the tip of the clitoris to Pharaonic which means a thorough scraping away of the entire genital area. In the latter case, the remaining sides are stitched together, often with thorns. It is obvious that countless lives have been lost due to such an atrocious custom.Nevertheless, within the societies where this is practiced, those who do not undergoany such mutilation are looked on as unclean or wanton women. There is no religious grounds for this custom; Islamic scholars confirm that it is not stated as an obligation in the Koran. Who can deny then that it is simply a means of keeping women under the control of men? And this "tradition" has been practiced "over maybe six thousand years", according to Alice Walker. Alice Walker is a "womanist" who naturally thinks of women all over the world whenever she hears of "the women's movement". Consequently, she can not avert her eyes even from such a seemingly strange custom. She confronts this taboo subject in her novel Possessing the Secret of Joy and also in the documentary film Warrior Marks which she made together with a group of women. In both the novel and the documentary she tries to see this not as a brutality peculiar to a certain region but as something which happens in many countries in different guises. Her view that this is related to the entire people on the earth is persuasively expressed through both the form and the content of the novel; and her faith in human potential to change society, through the delineation of characters in the novel.}, pages = {47--64}, title = {「伝統」への挑戦ー Womanist Warrior Walker 〈特集 女性と身体〉}, volume = {10}, year = {1996}, yomi = {フロモト, アツコ} }